The history of the fascist social state is a chapter that largely remains to be written; indeed, the regime’s social policies are still evaluated today more in terms of the propaganda and self-representation that Fascism chose to convey than in terms of the concrete results it achieved. This volume brings together new research on this fundamental chapter of the fascist experience, addressing institutional, social and ideological aspects and highlighting the continuities and ruptures represented by fascist social policy. By examining the campaigns against tuberculosis or migration policies, the management of health mutual funds or child welfare initiatives, it reveals the contradictory role the regime assigned to social policies and how they helped define and shape the relationship between the duties of the fascist state and the benefits for the working citizen.