This study aims at exploring both the identity of the maenads and their multiple interactions with the satyrs on Athenian red-figure vases by presenting the preliminary results of an ANN-based analysis applied to a dataset of 114 vases repesenting 478 figures (maenads and satyrs). The encouraging results seem to confirm the highly significant role of ANN-based methodologies as innovative tools for the organisation, visualisation and analysis of complex data in History of Art and Archaeology. Further explorations of these methodologies, associated with higher levels of data formalisation, should open new persepectives for the research on Athenian iconography and iconology.